The Health Based Tutorials

What are myelodysplastic syndromes? Myelodysplastic syndromes are clonal marrow stem-cell disorders, characterized by ineffective hemopoiesis leading to blood cytopenias, and by progression to acute myeloid leukemia in a third of patients. Who is affected? 15% of cases occur after chemotherapy or radiotherapy for a previous cancer. The syndromes are most common in elderly people. What is the cause? The pathophysiology involves cytogenetic changes with or without gene mutations and widespread gene hypermethylation at advanced stages. What are the symptoms? Clinical manifestations result from cytopenias (anemia, infection, and bleeding). How to make the diagnosis? Diagnosis is based on examination of blood and bone marrow showing blood cytopenias and hypercellular marrow with dysplasia, with or without excess of blasts. Prognosis depends largely on the marrow blast percentage, number and extent of cytopenias, and cytogenetic abnormalities. What is the treatment? Treatment of patients wit...

A Mayo Clinic dermatologist gives tips on how adults can prevent and treat acne. Treatment options include over the counter medications as well as prescription medications. Acne has 3 stages that can be remembered by the mnemonic " CIN ": C omedonal - black/whitehead, open/closed I nflammatory - pimples/zits N odulocystic Use Topical Treatment such as Differin gel as on CCC-F: C heek, C hin, C heek, F orehead

How do the lungs work? TED-Ed video When you breathe, you transport oxygen to the body’s cells to keep them working, while also clearing your system of the carbon dioxide that this work generates. How do we accomplish this crucial and complex task without even thinking about it? Emma Bryce takes us into the lungs to investigate how they help keep us alive. Lesson by Emma Bryce, animation by Andrew Zimbelman for The Foreign Correspondents' Club. Read the full lesson here: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-do-the-lungs-do-emma-bryce What does the liver do? There’s a factory inside you that weighs about 1.4 kilograms and runs for 24 hours a day. It’s your liver: the heaviest organ in your body, which simultaneously acts as a storehouse, a manufacturing hub, and a processing plant. Emma Bryce gives a crash course on the liver and how it helps keep us alive. Lesson by Emma Bryce, animation by Andrew Zimbelman for The Foreign Correspondents' Club.

After completing the 2014 New York City Marathon, participants fight through fatigue and physical exhaustion on the streets of Manhattan. Produced by: Deborah Acosta for The New York Times.